Rotary engine.



N01.. 790,264. 'PATENTE MAY 1s, 1995,

` r T. c. ROSELAND. ROTARY ENGINE.

3 EEBETB-SHEBT N6@ 790,264. PATENTED MAY 15, 1905. l T. c. RosBLAND.

. ROTARY ENGINE. APPLIOTION FILED PBp. 1905.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 1e, 19o`5'f PATENT OFFICE.

TOBIAS O. ROSELAND,\ OF GILMAN, IOWA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO PETER J.JAOOBSON, OF GILMAN, IOWA.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 790,264, dated May 16,1905.

i Application iled April 3, 1905. Serial No. 253.433.

T @ZZ whom, it may concern:

. resident of Gilman, in the county of Marshall and'State of Iowa, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines,

. of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to rotary engines, and more particularly to thattype commonly knownV as disk-engines.

The invention designs to provide a rotary engine of this type which issimple in construc-y tion and efficient in operation; and it consists inthe novel features hereinafter set forth, and more particularly definedby claims at the con-` Vclusion hereof. f

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a rotary engineembodying the invention, the pistonwand the disk being shown inelevation. Fig. 1a is a section taken on line 1n 1 of Fig. 1. Fig. 2 isa detail section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1 upon an enlarged scale, showingthe universal joint between the piston and the disk. Fig. 3 is a detailview of the same. Fig. 4f is a perspective of the plug at the outer endof said universal joint. Fig. 5 is a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1, aportion of the disk being shown in section. Fig. 6 is adetail side viewof one of the rotating heads, the piston being shown in section therein.Fig. 7 is a central horizontal section similar to Fig. 1, the piston anddisk being shown in section. Fig. 8 is a side elevation,zthe cylinder,disk, andrevoluble heads being shown in section.` Fig. 9 is a sectiontaken on line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a section taken on line 10 1()of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a view in horizontal section, showing a modifiedform of the invention.

Figs. 12 and 13 are sections taken on lines 12 and 13, respectively, ofFig. 11.

The casing comprises a cylindrical body 20, usually formed of sectionsand secured together by bolts 21, and cylinder heads or sides 22, boltedto the cylinder. y drive-shaft 23 is journaled in theV casing andextends diagonally through thecasing-c'. e., at an angle with respecttothe axis of the cylinder. A disk 24, rigidly secured to the shaft,extends diagonally across. the tcylinder, and `its sides cause the diskis supported by the shaft.

are perpendicularly arranged with respect to said shaft. The peripheryof the disk is fitted in a groove 25,A formed in the cylinder 20, and isprovided with a packing-ring 26 for closing communication between thechambers on opposite sides of the disk, respectively. It will beobserved that the disk is rigidly se- ;cured to the shaft, which isdriven by the engine. An important resultant advantage of thisconstruction is that the use of a loose disk and the friction of theparts due to lateral strains against a loose disk are avoided, be-

The disk divides the space in the chamber into two separate chambers.

A-piston 30 extends transversely through the disk and is bolted, as at31, to a pair of revolving heads 32, which are concentrically mounted inthe cylinder and are respectively arranged on opposite sides'of .thedisk and provided with conical faces 33, contactingwith the sides of thedisk at diametrically'opposite points. The revolving heads form theouter sides of the steam-chambers at the sides of the disk. The cylindersides 22 are each provided with an inwardly-extending journal 34C, onwhich the revolving heads are mounted and which are extended into closeproximity to the sides of the disk. Shaft 23 extends through saidjournals, and is thereby Y well supported in the sides of the casing andalso firmly supported adjacent the disk. Furthermore, the inner ends ofthese journals fitting against the faces of the disk aid in sustainingthc disk. Packing-boxes 35 are provided to prevent leakage of the motiveagent around the shaft. The peripheries o f the rotating heads areprovided with packing-rings 37 for preventing escape of the motive agentfrom the chambers between the heads. To prevent passage of the motiveagent from the chamber on one side of the disk to that on the other, auniversal joint is provided, which comprises a pair of strips 38, havingcurved outer faces fitting against correspondinglycurved sides 39 in thedisk and flat faces 40, fitting against the sides of the piston. A plug41(see Fig. 4) connects said strips at their outer ends, fillstheopening between the strips,

and eectively prevents leakage of the expansive Huid from one side ofthe piston to the other. The head of this plug is formed to travel ingroove 25 of the cylinder and is provided with a rib 42, fitting into achanneled strip 43, which extends transversely across the piston, isguided in a groove or channel 44, formed in the outer edge of thepiston, and is pressed against the cylinder-walls by spring 45. AHuid-tight joint at the inner end of the piston comprises a strip 46,which is pressed against the journals 34 by springs 47. A plug 48,swiveled in la sleeve 49 and provided with a rib 50, extended in agroove 51 in strip 46, provides a suitable joint between the inner endof the piston and the disk,

vwhereby leakage from one chamber to the other is avoided.

Duetsv for the supply and exhaust of steam are formed in the casingsides 22 and at each side thereof, so the fluid will be supplied andexhausted simultaneously from the chambers on the opposite sides of thedisk. Ports 55 and 56 are formed in each of the casing sides and extendinwardly through the journals 34 and open on the periphery of thejournal, so as to communicate, respectively, with annular ducts57 and58, formed in each of the revoluble heads 32, respectively. Duct 57'com--municates with` an opening 59, formed on the inner face of therevoluble head at one side of the piston, and duet 58 communicates withan opening 60, opening on the other side of the piston. Similar portsare provided at the opposite side of the cylinder, and these arearranged diametrically opposite to the inlet and exhaust'ports at theother side, the purpose of this construction being to provide amaxiv'mum piston exposure in thechamber at one side Vwhen the minimumexposure of pistonsurfaeeoccurs at the other side. Packingrings 61 injournals 34 provide suitable joints between the journals 34 and theheads, whereby leakage of Huid from the ducts 57 and 58 is prevented.

The operation of the improved engine is as follows: Assuming that steamor other-expansive iuid is supplied to port 55, it will pass from saidport to annular duct 57, thence to opening 59 at one side of the piston,and AWill force the piston in the direction indicated by arrows in Fig.8, the line of contact between the disk and revoluble head preventingpassage of the steam to the opposite side or' the piston, said linebeing located between the ports 55 and 56. The exhaust of the steam infront of the piston, which is the charge used for driving the cylinderthe immediately-preceding revolution, will exhaust through opening 60,duct 58, and port 56. It will be understood that steam will also besupplied to and exhausted from ports 55 and 56 on the opposite 'sides ofthe cylinder, and by locating the ports on one side diametricallyopposite to those on the other side of the disk the beginning of arevolution or stroke at one side occurs while the piston has a maximumexposure on the other side. ln other Words, the total exposed pistonarea remains the same throughouta revolution. This results in evenpressure throughout. This construction permits the engine to be drivenin either direction by merely admitting steam through ports 56 insteadof ports 55, and then the ports 55 serve as exhaust-ports.

In some instances it is desirable to allow the piston to cut oli thesupply oi steam during a part of the revolution of the piston, so thepiston will be driven by expansion of the steam conlined in thechalnber. In Figs. 1l, 12, and 13 there is shown a constructionsusceptible of such operation. For this purpose the duct in therevoluble head for conducting` steam from the port 55 to the opening` 59is partly closed, so there will be communication between the duct 57 andthe port during a part of a revolution only, while the port used as anexhaust-port will beat all times in communication with the other port.To make it possible to adapt the engine Jfor operation in eitherdirection, an adjustable ring, formed of sections 63 and 64, isprovided. These seetions are held in an annular groove andare eachlaterally adjustable by screws 65 and 66, so thatwhen the engine is tobe operated in one direction the duct through which steam is admittedcan be blocked during` a part of the revolution, while the exhaust-ductwill be in constant communication with the exhaust;- port. By adjustmentol these sections reither otl the ducts can be made to serve as a supplyduring a part of the revolution, while the other is in constantcommunication with thc port used as an exhaust-port.

Thus it will be seen that the invention provides an improved rotarydisk-engine in which the disk is rigidly secured to thc shaft, which isdiagonally mounted with respect to the revolving heads. The engine canbe driven in either direction. The engine is also adapted to beoperating during a portion of each stroke by expansion, and byadjustment the engine can be reversed and operated in reverse directionby expansion during a part of each stroke.

Having thus described the invention, what l. claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rotary engine, the combination ol a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in the casing, a revoluble headat each side oi the disk eccentrically mounted with respect to theshaft, a piston secured to rotate with the heads, and supply and exhaustports for the chambers at the sides of the disk.

2. In arotary engine, the combination of a cylindrical easing, a shaftextending diagonall y th rough the casing, a disk rigid ly secu red IOOto said shaft and extending diagonally across the chamber in the casing,a revoluble conical head at each lside of the disk, eccentricallymounted with respect to vthe shaft, and concentrically in said chamber,a piston rigidly secured to the head and extended through the disk, andsupply and exhaust ports` for lthe chambers at the sides of the disk.

3. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in the casing, a revoluble headat one side of the disk eccentrically mounted with respect to the shaft,la journal for said head extending inwardly from the casing and on whichthe head is mounted concentrically with respect to the chamber in thecasing, a piston rigidly secured to said head and extending through thedisk, and supply and exhaust ports for the chambers at the sides of thedisk.

4. In a rotary engine, the combination of `a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally acrossthe chamber in the casing, a revoluble headat each side of the disk, journals extending inwardly from the casingand on which the heads are mounted to revolve concentrically in saidchamber, a piston rigidly secured to said heads and extending throughthe disk, and supply and exhaust ports for the chambers at the sides ofthe disk.

5. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in said casing, a revoluble headat eachside of the disk, journals projecting inwardly from the sides ofthe casing and on which said heads are eccentrically mounted in saidchamber, a piston rigidly secured to the heads and extending through thedisk and to travel around said journal, and supply and exhaust ports forthe chambers at the sides of the disk.

6. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in said casing, a revoluble headat each side of the disk, journals projecting' inwardly from the sidesof the casing and on which said heads are eccentrically mounted in saidchamber, a piston rigidly secured to lthe heads and extendig through thedisk and to travel around said journal, a packing between said journaland the inner edge of the piston, and supply and exhaust ports for thechambers at the sides of the disk.

7. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in the casing, a revoluble headat one side of -the disk, a journal extending through said head and onwhich the head is mounted, supply and exhaust ports extending throughsaid journals, and opening on the periphery thereof, a piston secured tothe head and extending through the disk, and ports for the motive agentcommunicating respectively with the ports in the journal and leading tothe opposite sides of the piston respectively.

8. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber in the casing, a revoluble headat each side of the disk, journals extending inwardly from the sides ofthe casing on which the heads are mounted, supply and exhaust portsextending through said journals and opening on the periphery thereof, apiston secured to the heads and extending through the disk, and portsfor the motive agent communicating respectively with the ports in thejournal and leading to the opposite sides of the piston respectively.

9. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a shaft extendingdiagonally through the casing, a disk rigidly secured to said shaft andextending diagonally across the chamber inthe casing, a revoluble headat each side of the disk, journals extending inwardly from the sides ofthe casing on which the heads are mounted, supply and exhaust portsextending through said journals and opening onthe periphery thereof, apiston secured to the heads and extending through the disk, a packingbetween the piston and said journals, and ports for conducting themotive agent from the ports in the journal to the opposite sides of thepiston respectively.

- l0. In a rotary engine, the combinationof a casing, in which acylinder is formed, a shaft extending diagonally through the casing, adisk extending diagonally across the chamber in said casing and rigidlysecured to said shaft, a revoluble head at one side of the disk, supplyand exhaust ports for the chamber between the disk and the head, andmeans whereby either of said ports can be cut off during a part of eachstroke so the engine can be expansively driven in either direction.

11. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing in which a cylinderis formed, a shaft extending diagonally through the casing, a diskextending diagonally across the cylinder and rigidly secured to saidshaft, a revoluble head at each side of the'disk, supply and exhaustports for the chambers between the disk and the heads, and means wherebyeither of said ports can be cut off during a part of each stroke so theengine can be expansively driven in either direction.

TOBIAS C. ROSELAND.

Witnesses:

C. H. E. BOARDMAN, WILLIAM I. CRANE.

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